Health Insurance for Foreigners in Poland – How to Access Medical Care in Poland with EHIC and Other Options

If you’re a foreigner planning to live, work, or study in Poland, understanding how health insurance in Poland works is essential. This article explains how insurance in Poland functions, what kind of care in Poland you can expect, and how tools like the EHIC (European Health Insurance Card) can help you access medical services.

Whether you’re staying short-term or long-term, this guide will clarify your options and help you avoid unexpected medical expenses. It’s worth reading because it covers the rules, procedures, and practical tips for securing health insurance as a foreigner, so you can feel safe and well-prepared during your stay in Poland.

What is the health insurance system in Poland like for foreigners?

The healthcare system in Poland is a mix of public and private services. The public part is funded mainly through social insurance contributions and managed by the national health fund (NFZ). If you are a foreigner residing in Poland, you can access public health service if you’re insured under the health insurance scheme. The system in Poland is based on compulsory health insurance, meaning residents (including eligible foreigners) must be covered.

For foreigners, it’s essential to check if your insurance coverage comes from an international insurance agreement, your employer’s insurance contributions, or private insurance policies. The public health system ensures access to primary healthcare, hospital treatment, and medical service for those covered by the health insurance.

Do I need health insurance to stay in Poland?

Yes, in most cases, health insurance is compulsory during your stay in Poland, especially if you’re working, studying, or staying for longer than 3 months. Without proof of insurance, you might not be entitled to free health care or public health services, and could face high medical expenses in case of illness or accident.

Students, employees, and entrepreneurs typically need to arrange either public health insurance through NFZ or private health insurance. Even if your temporary stay in Poland is short, you should secure accident insurance or life insurance that also covers the costs of medical treatment in Poland.

How can foreigners access public health service and medical service in Poland?

To access healthcare in Poland as a foreigner, you must be insured either through the NFZ or a private insurer. Foreigners with employment contracts or study agreements often contribute to the national health fund through mandatory insurance contributions. This gives them the right to use public health services, including visits to general practitioners, specialists, and medical centres.

If you are from a European Union or European Economic Area country, you can access health service by presenting your European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). This insurance card entitles you to medical care under the same conditions as citizens of Poland. Always make sure to carry your EHIC or proof of insurance to avoid issues when seeking medical assistance.

What does the national health fund (NFZ) cover?

The NFZ, or Narodowy Fundusz Zdrowia, manages public health coverage in Poland. An insured person under the NFZ can use primary care, consult a family doctor or general practitioner, and receive hospital treatment when necessary. The NFZ covers the costs of medical services such as diagnostics, treatment, rehabilitation, and sometimes dental care.

The NFZ operates under the oversight of the Ministry of Health and contracts with various healthcare providers. You can check the website of the national health to find a list of providers with an agreement with the NFZ. It’s important to remember that not all private health services are included, so consider private health insurance if you want access to a broader range of free services or shorter waiting times.

Can I use EHIC for medical care in Poland?

Yes, the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) is valid for obtaining health care services in Poland if you are a resident of another European Union or European Economic Area country. The EHIC allows you to use medical treatment in Poland in emergencies and during necessary care situations without advance payment beyond standard co-payments.

However, the EHIC does not cover private health services or situations where you’ve traveled specifically for medical treatment. If you’re planning a long stay in Poland, you must obtain an EHIC before arrival and consider local insurance plans for broader insurance coverage.

What should I know about emergency medical services and hospitalisation?

Emergency medical services in Poland are available to everyone, including foreigners, in life-threatening situations. In case of an emergency, dial 112 for help. Emergency medical teams provide immediate care and can transport patients to the nearest centre or hospital.

If you’re insured (through NFZ or private health insurance), hospitalisation costs are covered by the health insurance. Uninsured individuals, however, will have to cover the costs of medical treatment themselves, which can be significant. It’s vital to have proper insurance coverage to avoid such risks.

How does private health insurance compare to public health insurance in Poland?

While public health via NFZ ensures access to essential services, many foreigners choose private health insurance for faster access to healthcare providers, shorter waiting times, and coverage for private healthcare or private health services not included in the NFZ scheme.

Private insurance companies in Poland offer tailored insurance plans, and these can be useful if you want to choose your general practitioners or certain specialists freely. Some insurance policies include perks like access to private medical centres, extended diagnostic testing, and dental care.

What is the cost of health insurance in Poland for foreigners?

The cost of health insurance depends on the type of insurance coverage you choose. If you’re employed, your employer typically handles insurance contributions, which are paid by the 15th of each month to the insurance institution. If you’re self-employed or not working, you can voluntarily join NFZ by signing a contract with the national health fund and paying monthly insurance fees.

Alternatively, private health insurance costs vary based on the insurance agreement, coverage level, and provider. Be sure to obtain proof of payment for your contributions or premiums, as you may need to present this document confirming health insurance when using healthcare services.

How do I register with a general practitioner or medical centre?

If you are covered by NFZ, you must register for the visit with a general practitioner or medical centre of your choice. Your first contact doctor provides primary healthcare and can refer you to specialists if needed. You can change your general practitioner up to two times a year for free.

When you must first register, bring your insurance card or proof of health insurance. This ensures you can use the services without paying upfront. For private insurance, check with your provider about their network of healthcare providers and how to make appointments.

What documents and proof of insurance do I need to access healthcare in Poland?

To access healthcare services, always carry your insurance card, EHIC, or other proof of insurance. In some cases, you may need to provide a document confirming health insurance, such as a certificate from your insurer or insurance institution.

If you’re using NFZ services, you may also need to show proof of payment of your insurance contributions. For foreigners, having proper documentation ensures you can benefit from the right to healthcare benefits without unnecessary delays or out-of-pocket medical expenses.

📝 Summary: Key points to remember about health insurance for foreigners in Poland

• Health insurance is compulsory for most foreigners during their stay in Poland.
• The national health fund (NFZ) provides access to public health services for insured persons.
• The EHIC lets EU/EEA residents access necessary healthcare services during temporary stays.
• Emergency medical care is available to everyone, but hospitalisation without insurance can be costly.
• Private health insurance offers faster and broader access than public health insurance.
• Always carry proof of insurance or your insurance card when seeking medical assistance.
• Ensure your insurance contributions or premiums are up-to-date and keep your proof of payment.
• Register with a general practitioner or medical centre if using public insurance.
• Check the website of the national health for providers with NFZ contracts.
• Consider both public and private insurance plans to match your needs while in Poland.